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HAL may, then, have suffered from some
emotional imbalance similar to those that
lead human beings astray. Whether it was the
result of some sudden trauma—a blown fuse,
a dislodged connector, a microchip disordered
by cosmic rays—or of some gradual drift into
emotional misalignment provoked by the
stresses of the mission—confirming such a
diagnosis should justify a verdict of diminished
responsibility for HAL, just as it does in cases of
human malfeasance.
Another possible source of exculpation, more
familiar in fiction than in the real world, is
“brainwashing” or hypnosis. (
The Manchurian
Candidate
is a standard model: the prisoner of
war turned by evil scientists into a walking time
bomb is returned to his homeland to assassinate
the president.) The closest real-world cases are
probably the “programmed” and subsequently
“deprogrammed” members of cults. Is HAL
like a cult member? It’s hard to say. According
to Clarke, HAL was “trained for his mission,”
not just programmed for his mission. At what
point does benign, responsibility-enhancing
training of human students become malign,
responsibility-disminishing
brainwashing?
The intuitive turning point is captured, I think,
Why did HAL commit murder? (Part 3 and Final)
By Daniel C. Dennett
Cog, a Humanoid Robot Being Constructed at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab. The project is headed by Rodney Brooks, Lynn Andrea Stein, and
Daniel C. Dennett